Arterial blood gas made easy slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Mar 10, 2020 arterial blood gas abg interpretation for nurses. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Arterial blood gas an overview sciencedirect topics. It is simple, perhaps simplistic, but it will hopefully arm the reader with the tools and confidence to make better sense of abg results in future. All this should really mean to us is that in arterial blood, 80 to 100 mmhg represents the amount of oxygen that is dissolved in each 100 ml of the arterial blood. Blood can be drawn via an arterial stick from the wrist, groin, or above the elbow.
Armed with the knowledge in this book youll be able to correctly and confidently identify underlying issues in your patient that might otherwise be hard to spot. Venous blood gas vbg interpretation oxford medical. Its a test that is used to assess how well oxygen is being distributed throughout the. Mar 14, 2016 diagnose any arterial blood gas in 5 easy steps. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients gas exchange and acidbase balance status, and can also be useful in providing immediate information about electrolyte status it provides a near immediate reflection of the physiology of your patient, allowing you to recognise and treat pathology more rapidly. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance. Acidbase disorders made so easy even a caveman can do it lorraine r franzi, mshsm, rd, ldn, cnsd nutrition support specialist university of pittsburgh medical center pittsburgh, pa i.
The oxygen partial pressure pao2, the measurement of oxygen dissolved in the blood, is an important indicator of potential tissue oxygenation. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for. Most doctors struggle with arterial blood gas abg interpretation. This video tutorial is on how to setup arterial blood gas problems using the tic tac toe method. Arrows here is a rule to remember it will make sense in a minute. Find out when you get it and what the results mean. Blood for an abg test is taken from an artery whereas most other blood tests are done on a sample of blood taken from a vein. Remember the partial pressure of a gas is just a way of measuring the concentration of that gas. Indications, interpretations, and clinical applications m etabolic derangements and respiratory distress are common presenting problems in emergency medicine.
In this guide, we will teach you the eight 8 steps on how to interpret and analyze arterial blood gas abg results using the tictactoe method. Over half of the book is devoted to thirty clinical case scenarios involving analysis of arterial blood gases, allowing the reader to gain both proficiency in interpretation and an appreciation of the role of an abg in. Sep 01, 2007 arterial blood gases as a topic is a real nightmare. Its importance as a key tool in the workup of acutely unwell patients rivals that of the ecg and the chest xray. Arterial blood gases provide 2 specific types of information. A 47 yearold man with a history of heavy alcohol use presents with a twoday history of severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Arterial blood gas measurements unlike other blood tests, which are either high or low, abgs present the doctor with six numbers that need to be interpreted as one result. An abg test requires that a small volume of blood be drawn from the radial artery with a syringe and a thin needle, but sometimes the femoral artery in the groin or another site is used. Clinically, there can be many different reasons for this. Some blood gas analyzers also measure the methemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and hemoglobin levels.
Making sense of arterial blood gases nursing times. Given that this can be difficult, there is a need for a simple algorithm for systematically handling each of the numbers in turn, as discussed below. Woodruff, msn, rnbc, cns, cmsrn, cen 6 easy steps to. Abg made easy final medical books arterial blood gases made easy, edition arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental sk single tooth implant arterial blood gas nursing school notes medical school junior doctor gross anatomy hematology nursing students nursing textbooks. Jan 16, 2019 arterial blood gases abgs are measured in a laboratory test to determine the extent of compensation by the buffer system. Components of the arterial blood gas the arterial blood gas provides the following values.
Arterial blood gases made easy 2nd edition pdf for free. Arterial blood gas samples can be obtained from a number of sites, including the following radial artery at the wristthe most popular site for arterial blood sampling because of its easy accessibility, superficial location, and availability of collateral circulation. However, the more complicated and in some ways more important part of abg analysis is ph regulation. Always read and follow instructions for creating trauma fluids e. Before placing the simulator on a surface, be certain that surface can easily support 200 pounds. Case 8 answers arterial blood gas clinical respiratory. An arterial blood gas test can find ways to help your lungs do their job.
Therefore doctors around the world have agreed to retain mmhg as the unit of blood pressure measurement. We dont only want to interpret abg values for fun, they have a very important purpose. The radial artery on the wrist is most commonly used to obtain the sample. An arterial blood gas abg test measures the amounts of arterial gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide. The first covers basic physiology and concepts required for interpretation of blood gas results under four headings.
When one thinks of abg analysis, oxygenation may come to mind first. Arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Understanding abg results is like everything else in patient care, you have to understand normal and then acknowledge that hardly anyone is actually normal. Its a lab we draw from the patients artery that tells us the patients arterial oxygen pao2, arterial carbon dioxide paco2, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation sao2, bicarb hco3, and acidity ph. Determination of the constant of the differential blood gas apparatus, with a note on the specific oxygen capacity of blood. For example, they cant tell whether low levels are caused by lung or heart problems. Arterial blood gas analysis is a common investigation in emergency departments and intensive care units for monitoring patients with acute respiratory failure. This page includes the following topics and synonyms. March 14, 2016 april 24, 2017 joanne reading 10 comments it is important to understand that the ph in our bodies likes to stay within the very narrow range of 7. Interpretation of arterial blood gases abgs david a.
Arterial blood gasses, or abgs, may be among the most complex and confusing parts of nursing practice. This excellent pocketsized handbook, which can be read at one sitting, is an object lesson in clarity. The purpose of this course is to provide nurses with information regarding blood gases and their basic interpretation skills. Your doctor may run a blood gas analysis or arterial blood gas abg test if you are showing the signs of an oxygen, carbon dioxide, or ph imbalance such as confusion or difficulty breathing. Understanding of arterial blood gases abgs can take years to become second nature and even then you will come across some that will still stump you. An abg is a blood test that measures the acidity, or ph, and the levels of oxygen o2 and carbon dioxide co2 from an artery. This primer describes a clinical approach to interpreting arterial blood gases. The purpose of this course is to provide the learner with basic information on how to interpret arterial blood gas results. It is a very important lab draw that is vital in caring for critically ill and patients in respiratory distress. Arterial blood gases you are a new staff member working in the emergency department ed during your induction you are introduced to the practical workings of the point of care arterial blood gas abg machine in the ed. Patients are often required to be checked for arterial blood gas analysis to find what exactly is happening in the body of patients system. Abgs made easy for nurses w tic tac toe method for arterial blood gas. Learning objectives the clinician after participating in the roundtable will be able to.
Abg made easy final medical books arterial blood gases made easy, edition arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental sk nursing school notes medical school single tooth implant arterial blood gas gross anatomy nursing students nursing textbooks medical students sang. An arterial blood gas abg is a test that measures the oxygen tension pao 2, carbon dioxide tension paco 2, acidity ph, oxyhemoglobin saturation sao 2, and bicarbonate hco 3 concentration in arterial blood. Partial compensation ph is still abnormal, and the other value is abnormal in an attempt to help normalise the ph. Looking for some tips to ease your anxiety over an upcoming test that covers arterial blood gas abg interpretation. Understanding arterial blood gases abgs nysna continuing. Everyone can read an electrolyte level, but when faced with a list of abgs, most nurses wilt. Easy way on how to interpret arterial blood gases abgs with tic tac toe first, we need to lay the foundation and talk about what three lab values you need to look at when trying to figure out abgs, how to determine if that value is consider normal, an acid, or basic alkalotic, and what fancy terms are used once the abg is figured out. Sep 07, 2009 basics in arterial blood gas interpretation slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. An arterial blood gas, or abg for short, is a test that measures the blood levels of oxygen pao2, carbon dioxide paco2, and acidbase balance ph in the body. Arterial blood gas analysis is an essential part of diagnosing and managing a patients oxygenation status and acidbase balance however, it is important to remember that results are not always definitive should not replace clinical judgement a normal result does not exclude an acidbase disorder. Mar 31, 2008 arterial blood gas made easy slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Arterial blood gas definition of arterial blood gas by.
Description of the book arterial blood gases made easy. This video will demonstrate how to solve partially vs. Abgs are important in the diagnosis and treatment of disturbances of acidbase balance, pulmonary disease, electrolyte balance, and oxygen delivery. Arterial blood gas abg values alone dont provide enough information to diagnose a problem. It is, therefore, important that students and physicians be able to interpret the results of arterial blood gas sampling, determine the patients acidbase status and assess the adequacy of oxygenation. The usefulness of this diagnostic tool is dependent on being able to correctly interpret the results. This is a measure of the % of oxygen that is attached to hemoglobin in red blood cells. Respiratory metabolic if ph is v, co2 will be if ph is v, hco3 will be v if ph is, co2 will be v if ph is, hco3 will be therefore, for it to be a primary therefore, for it to be a primary metabolic respiratory condition, arrows will condition, the arrows will be in the same be in the opposite.
Blood gases and gas exchange arterial blood gases part 2. If a patients po2 results are 70, then we know there is an insufficient amount of dissolved oxygen present. Arterial blood gases can be challenging to all nurses despite their level of expertise. We measure the concentration of two gases dissolved in the arterial blood. Tic tac toe method arterial blood gas abg interpretation. If the pascal unit is used for blood pressure measurement, a normal blood pressure of 12080 mmhg would be an unwieldy 1596010640 pa. Arterial blood gases made easy, 2e 2nd edition arterial blood gas abg analysis is a fundamental skill in modern medicine yet one which many find difficult to grasp. Arterial blood gases abg, a clinical test that involves measurement of the ph of arterial blood and the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide dissolved in arterial blood, is routinely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of predominantly criticallyacutely ill patients being cared for in hospital emergency rooms and intensive care units. Interpretation of arterial blood gas pubmed central pmc. Abgs made easy an indepth guide to arterial blood gas analysis. Its importance as a key tool in the workup of acutely unwell patients rivals. A primer on arterial blood gas analysis uw courses web server. A method of estimating the oxygen and carbonic acid in small quantities of blood. User guide maternal fetal simulator cae healthcare.
It also has some applications in general practice, such as assessing the need for domiciliary oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Mistakes in arterial blood gas abg interpretation are common in clinical practice. This is a thoughtfully designed book, which is very pleasing to the eye and, in the best possible way, easy on the brain. Arterial blood gases made easy 9780702061905 elsevier. But it is often encountered that many students dont know how to read abg, and thats why we are providing arterial blood gas. The following is a simplified explanation of abgs, including a practical method for interpreting results.
Interpreting an arterial blood gas abg is a crucial skill for physicians, nurses. Operationally and clinically, abgs include the determination of levels of ph, oxygen o 2, and carbon dioxide co 2 in the blood. Arterial blood gases abgs are measured in a laboratory test to determine the extent of compensation by the buffer system. Download arterial blood gases made easy, 2e 2nd edition. Arterial blood gas, blood gas, abg, paco2, pco2, pao2, po2, arterial oxygen partial pressure. Weve created this guide, which aims to provide a structured approach to abg interpretation whilst also increasing your understanding of each results relevance. Apr 03, 2020 an arterial blood gas requires the nurse to collect a small sample of blood generally, a full 1 ml. On exam, his blood pressure is 9050 and he is markedly tender in his epigastrum. Body will not overcompensate when it comes to acidbase balance so. Pdf arterial blood gases made easy download full pdf. Interpretation of the arterial blood gas emergencypedia. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to.
It measures the acidity ph and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood. Read arterial blood gases made easy ebook by iain a m hennessey, mbchbhons, bschons, mmis, frcs available from rakuten kobo. This book provides readers with the core background knowledge required to understand the abg, explains how it is used in clinical practice and provides a unique system for interpreting results. Download ebook arterial blood gases made easy, 2e 2nd edition pdf free download medical books free. Oct 27, 2014 understand the arterial blood gas abg. Abg quick interpretation parameter acidosis normal alkalosis reflects ph 7. Abg interpretation a guide to understanding abgs geeky. Arterial blood gases made easy pdf download free ebooks. The goal of interpreting abg values is so that we can decipher what is happening to our patient, so that we can implement a plan to help them improve. Acid normal alkaline ph paco2 hco3 the column that the ph is in tells you. Arterial blood gases abg results reflect underlying pathology and interpretation of the results are often compounded by ongoing disease processes and clinical interventions. Pao2fio2 ratio normal pao2fio2 is 300500 gas exchange derangement. Fortunately, there are some easy ways to remember how to decipher these important lab results. Easy way to interpret abg values in 7 simple steps overview of the 7 simple steps.
The present article is an attempt for the simplified approach for the bedside interpretation of abg. The partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood the pao2 and the partial pressure of co2 in the arterial blood the paco2. Arterial blood gases abgs are commonly used for estimating the acidbase status, oxygenation and carbon dioxide concentration of unwell patients. Arterial blood gas analysis requires a clear understanding of the terms used. Uncompensated and compensated partial or full arterial blood gas abg interpretation. Presentations ppt, key, pdf logging in or signing up.
Arterial blood gas abg interpretation is something many medical students find difficult to grasp weve been there. This is bicarbonate, a chemical buffer made in the kidneys to neutralize acids. Arterial blood gas analysis plays an indispensable role in the assessment and management of patients with a huge range of acute medical and surgical problems. This tictactoe technique involves a few charts to help you visualize abgs. Discuss causes and treatments of respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, metabolic. As you struggle to listen to the machine company representative talking about cleaning the machine. Abg made easy final arterial blood gas, free medical. However, the femoral artery and brachial artery can be used if necessary. However, arterial blood can be difficult to obtain due to weak pulses or patient movement. This website provides free medical books for all this website provides over 0 free medical books and more for all students and doctors this website the best choice for medical students during and after learning medicine. Abg made easy final arterial blood gas, free medical, nursing. Arterial blood gases made easy pdf free download epdf.
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